A new study released today estimates that as many as 2.3 million undocumented immigrants will illegally vote on November 4th. And given that the two presidential candidates were separated by less than 2 million votes in three elections since 1960, these ineligible voters could conceivably add up to a “balance-tipping bloc” in a handful of battleground states, notably Colorado, Virginia, New Mexico, Nevada and Florida.

David Simcox, author of the Social Contract study, says the federal government has failed to enforce its own ban on non-citizen voting. Since 2002, only 120 people have been charged with voter fraud by the Department of Justice, and only 86 have been convicted. Meanwhile, community groups like ACORN make no secret of the fact that they’ve been busy registering non-citizens. During recent May Day rallies, pro-immigration activists were photographed with signs that read: “Hoy Marchamos, Manana Votamos” (“Today we march, tomorrow we vote”).