Cocaine production in Colombia, the world’s leading cocaine exporter, has increased “five-fold” following the 2016 peace agreement the State Department helped broker between President Juan Manuel Santos’s government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, according to a senior Department of Homeland Security official.

“The peace agreement in Colombia set the stage for a new era in that political dynamic, but it also meant we’ve seen a five-fold increase in cocaine production in the Andes [Mountains]. That’s a huge challenge, not only for the U.S., which is still the main destination, but for our European partners and others around the world,” the DHS official said at the International Summit on Borders in Washington this week. The event organizer did not allow reporters to identify speakers.