Washington’s anti-China tech strategy is built on a dangerous illusion

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When Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said this week that the United States was finding American “watermarks” embedded deep inside Chinese artificial intelligence models, he signaled a potential shift in geopolitical statecraft.

For four years, Washington treated the technology competition with Beijing as a hardware fight — a battle over physical silicon, lithography equipment, and advanced semiconductors. That era is over. The front line has shifted from physical manufacturing to intangible software.

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