The Syrian regime has reportedly perpetrated another episode of sectarian cleansing. Yesterday, the army and paramilitary gangs loyal to president Bashar al-Assad killed more than 200 people in the Sunni village of Tremseh, in Hama province.
Syrian opposition activist Ammar Abdulhamid describes the operation:
Tony Badran, a research fellow at the Foundation for the Defense of Democracies, explained in an email to me how this latest massacre “follows the same pattern set by the regime in the previous sectarian mass killings in Houla and Taldou near Homs, and in al-Qubayr, also in the Hama governorate, south of Tremseh.”
This sectarian geography corresponds with a strategic component as well. With these sectarian attacks east in the Ghab Plain, the regime seeks to create buffer areas around the Alawite region, disrupt enemy lines between the Hama and Idlib countrysides (and the Damascus-Aleppo highway), and protect key roads and access points leading into the coastal Alawite mountains. This explains its previous operations in al-Haffeh, which sits on the road connecting the main coastal city of Lattakia to the Ghab Plain, and its attack on Taldou, which controls the road running west to Baniyas on the coast through Masyaf and Qadmous.
As Badran noted in an earlier post, “Strategic Geography and the End of Assad,” July 6), this strategic geography has a precedent in the Crusader period through a network of fortifications that straddle the coastal region. “These fortifications are situated at strategic points,” Badran writes in an email.
Hence the regime’s campaigns in Tal Kalakh and the Crac des Chevaliers in the Homs gap, and al-Haffeh, situated near the Saone (Saladdin) castle. On the other hand, fortifications belonging to the various Muslim forces fighting the Crusaders, such as al-Madiq (in the Ghab Plain) and Shayzar (right east of Tremseh) mark the opposing frontier fortifications of the Syrian interior in the Ghab Plain.
Badran’s historical research makes a powerful case that these “fortifications are a testament to the enduring relevance of Syria’s strategic geography in the ongoing conflict.”