Economists, including those in the Trump administration, fear that commerce will not enjoy the sharp, “V-shaped” recovery predicted by President Trump but will rather face a slow, bumpy one arrested by any further outbreaks — a “W-shaped” recovery.

“I expect more of a ‘W-shape’ recovery,” said Greg McBride, chief financial analyst at Bankrate, a personal finance website, “where we get a surge of activity as economies reopen and furloughed and laid-off employees start to get called back.”