THE NUMBERS: McDonald’s Corp. said its net income fell 4 percent in the second quarter as unfavorable currency exchange rates hurt results.

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THE BACKGROUND: When the U.S. dollar is rising against the other world currencies, companies that do business internationally take a hit when converting local currencies back into dollars.

BIG PICTURE: The world’s biggest hamburger chain has thrived in recent years by emphasizing value and rolling out new menu items. But the company is showing signs of wear from broader economic trends, with sales slowing as well.