Arguments in a high-profile religious liberty case caused tempers to flare on both sides of the Supreme Court’s ideological divide Wednesday.

The high court waited for several months to hear Trinity Lutheran Church of Columbia v. Comer, and did so with a full nine-justice court bolstered by the addition of Justice Neil Gorsuch, who joined the court this month. At issue in Trinity Lutheran is whether Missouri violated the Constitution in its decision to bar a church-operated daycare and preschool from a state program that provides funding to nonprofits to resurface playgrounds. Missouri’s Constitution includes a provision that prevents public funds from directly or indirectly assisting any church, sect or religion.