Arms for Mushy

The Strategic Security blog run by the Federation of America’s Scientists posted an interesting item this week about arms sales, and transfers, to Pakistan over the last few years. Summarizing a report from the Congressional Research Service, Matt Schroeder writes:

arms transfer agreements with Pakistan totaled more than $3.5 billion in 2006 – nearly equal to the combined total of arms sales to the troubled South Asian nation from FY1950 to FY2001. These statistics reflect a sudden and dramatic shift in US arms trade policy toward Pakistan after September 11th that transformed the country from pariah state to major aid recipient practically overnight. Within weeks of the attack, the Bush administration waived prohibitions on arms transfers to Pakistan that were imposed following tit-for-tat nuclear tests with India in 1998 and the coup that brought President Musharraf to power in 1999. Since 2001, Pakistan has become one of the largest recipients of U.S. security assistance, including arms transfers; from FY2002 to FY2006, Musharraf’s regime has received nearly $1 billion in Foreign Military Financing (grant aid provided to foreign countries specifically for the purchase of US weapons), and has signed government-to-government agreements for nearly $4.34 billion in U.S. weaponry, according to the Defense Department.

FAS also notes that Joe Biden recently warned “big ticket weapon systems intended primarily to maintain the balance of power with India,” specifically the 36 F-16s that were negotiated last summer, would be in jeopardy if the current emergency rule were to continue. I’m not sure I have any great insight into this conundrum. Certainly, it’s hard to make the case that American weapons have aided Pakistan’s fight against the Taliban in the tribal areas bordering Pakistan–and there’s no reason to think that the F-16 would change things. But there are certainly other factors at play, among them that the Pakistanis are a Chinese client as well–and are considered the prime candidate for the export of China’s new J-10 fighter. If the Pakistanis are going to get their big-ticket systems from somewhere, I’d prefer they buy American. And insofar as these systems are meant to maintain the balance with India, the United States certainly has a vital national interest in making sure that Pakistan is not perceived as weak by their rivals in New Delhi. Still, it will be interesting to see whether there is a rethink here in favor of attack helicopters, and other COIN oriented weapons systems, and away from items like the TOW anti-tank missile and P-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft that have characterized these transfers in the past. If readers want to send in their thoughts on this, I’d be happy to post an update with fresh ideas at the bottom of the post here.

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