New DeVos Title IX rules still make universities adjudicate rapes at recognized fraternity houses

Education Secretary Betsy DeVos spent three years fielding comments and concerns about the Trump administration’s attempt to overhaul the Obama-era “Dear Colleague” guidance for Title IX, and a crucial modification from her initial proposal goes to show it.

Sexual assault victim advocates were rightly concerned by one of the most controversial stipulations from DeVos’s initially proposed Title IX guidelines, namely that federally mandated sexual assault and harassment investigations would be restricted to an “education program or activity” of the accused. As originally written, this would mean that if an assault occurred off-campus, where 9 out of 10 college students live, schools would have no obligation to investigate it.

But the Department of Education listened to concerns and modified that stipulation as follows:

In order to clarify that a recipient’s “education program or activity” may also include situations that occur off campus, the Department adds to § 106.44(a) the statement that “education program or activity” includes locations, events, or circumstances over which the recipient exercised substantial control over both the respondent and the context in which the harassment occurs. This helps clarify that even if a situation arises off campus, it may still be part of the recipient’s education program or activity if the recipient exercised substantial control over the context and the alleged harasser. While such situations may be fact specific, recipients must consider whether, for example, a sexual harassment incident between two students that occurs in an offcampus apartment (i.e., not a dorm room provided by the recipient) is a situation over which the recipient exercised substantial control; if so, the recipient must respond to notice of sexual harassment that occurred there.

This means that if one student rapes another at a fraternity house, even if the university does not own it, so long as the university recognizes it officially, it must investigate the allegation under the purview of Title IX.

When DeVos initially released her guidelines, the “education program or activity” seemed like the most problematic edit of the Obama administration guidelines. Kudos to the department for a sensible and thoughtful modification.

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