In step with China’s ambitions, the People’s Liberation Army continues to grow.

The Pentagon’s annual report on Chinese military power was released Thursday. The report finds that Chinese officials remain wary of major engagements, especially with the still-dominant United States. However, contentious territorial claims, coordination with illiberal governments and a military bristling with new hardware pose a challenge to the United States. China’s rise will test the substance of the Obama administration’s vaunted “pivot to Asia.”