A 25 year-old earning less than $24,000 could save $1,000 next year by going without insurance and paying a penalty rather than purchasing coverage on an Obamacare health insurance exchange, according to a new study from the National Center for Public Policy Research.

In the study, which took a detailed look at the choices facing younger consumers once President Obama’s health care law kicks in, author David Hogberg concludes that the program is going to be a rotten deal for the very Americans whose participation is necessary for it to succeed.