Fifteen years ago, the United States was importing most of its oil — 12.5 million barrels per day, or nearly twice total domestic oil production at the time. Also 15 years ago, the U.S. was emitting about 20% more in greenhouse gases than it does today. Most Americans are glad that the U.S. has reduced emissions so much while simultaneously achieving energy independence — and it’s all due to fracking.

Unfortunately, both Joe Biden and Bernie Sanders want to turn the clock back to the days of higher emissions and greater dependency on foreign oil. That is the certain practical result of the policies that both men outlined in their recent debate.