Technological advancements, increasingly due to artificial intelligence, are transforming the fertility industry and redefining who can have a child. But they are not likely to reverse population decline. 

Last June, Dr. Zev Williams led medical professionals at Columbia University Fertility Center in announcing the first-ever pregnancy forged through Sperm Track and Recovery. Currently in its clinical phase, STAR is designed to offset azoospermia, or male infertility issues preventing pregnancies, by using an AI algorithm to detect sperm cells undetectable to the human eye.