Voters in political battlegrounds overwhelmingly favor the creation of a new federal agency to monitor and regulate artificial intelligence and the implementation of a government-designed test to ensure that AI models are safe, according to a new large-scale survey.

The polling suggests that lawmakers will face increasing pressure in the coming months to sign on to legislation creating new regulatory frameworks for the fast-developing technology, even as some in the industry warn that such rules could slow development and put the U.S. at a disadvantage to China.