The Supreme Court’s decision on Monday to hear arguments in a Mississippi abortion case kicked off what could become the biggest abortion fight in decades.

The case, Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, concerns the state’s ban on abortion after 15 weeks. The court in taking up the case said that it would consider the question of “whether all pre-viability prohibitions on elective abortions are unconstitutional.” The implications of its decision will be large, according to advocates and lawmakers on both sides of the abortion debate.