Expressing frustration with the typical prospects of an employee trying to climb the corporate ladder, Dolly Parton sings in her hit song “9 to 5,” “Working 9 to 5, what a way to make a living/Barely getting by, it’s all taking and no giving.”

These 1980 lyrics strike a chord forty years later as many of today’s workers choose to pursue freelancing or gig work in search of more flexible and unconstrained work arrangements. Indeed, recently California voters overwhelmingly passed Proposition 22, bucking and greatly limiting the reach of its legislature’s recent attempt to shoe-horn almost all work arrangements in the state into a rigid traditional employer-employee structure.