The Department of Justice charged 17 Iranians on Tuesday for allegedly carrying out a “massive” cyber theft campaign on behalf of Iran that targeted hundreds of universities, companies, government agencies, and nongovernmental organizations around the world.

According to an indictment unsealed Tuesday, members of the Iran-based Mabna Institute have conducted coordinated cyber intrusions since at least 2013, targeting 144 U.S. universities and 178 foreign universities, as well as at least 42 U.S. private-sector companies, 11 foreign companies, five U.S. federal and state government agencies, and two NGOs.