A federal judge struck down Arkansas’s law requiring public schools to display the Ten Commandments on the basis that it establishes a state religion. My question is: What religion, exactly, do critics think is being established?

One might say, “Christianity, of course.” But the Decalogue is not exclusive to Christians, and not all of the Ten Commandments apply to them. For example, the Bible says that the Sabbath (the fourth commandment) was a sign given to the nation of Israel. Christians do not keep the biblical Saturday Sabbath, because Christianity is not Israel, and because the Lord Jesus Christ is our rest. We (try our best to) keep the moral commandments of the law, which Jesus summarized as “love thy neighbor as thyself.” When listing commandments to follow, as recorded in the New Testament, neither Jesus nor Paul mentioned the Sabbath — just the moral commands.